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Capture kiln flue gas, produce high-purity CaCO₃ for closed-loop concrete applications, and unlock $85/ton 45Q credits with 5-12 month modular deployment.
Cement production generates ~8% of global CO₂ emissions. Kiln flue gas at 10-15% CO₂ concentration is one of the highest-value industrial streams for mineralization capture. Carbon to Crystals converts kiln emissions into premium CaCO₃ that feeds back directly into concrete, while generating dual revenue through 45Q credits and product sales.
Cement production generates emissions from two sources: limestone decomposition (calcination accounts for 40–50% of total emissions) and fuel combustion (50–60%). A standard cement kiln emits 0.6–0.9 tons of CO₂ per ton of clinker produced.
Kiln flue gas contains 10–15% CO₂, making it one of the highest-concentration industrial streams available for capture. This is a significant advantage over gas data center streams (3–5%) — higher CO₂ concentration means less energy per ton captured and higher throughputs per module.
Cement plants capture electrostatic precipitators remove CKD, a fine powder containing approximately 40% CaO. Lafarge has confirmed CKD is available at no charge as a waste stream they want removed. This creates a zero-cost calcium supply for mineralization, eliminating the largest raw material expense in the process.
Carbon to Crystals uses CKD as the calcium feedstock for mineralization, eliminating feedstock cost while creating a byproduct revenue stream. The process also removes CKD from your waste stream — turning a disposal liability into a production asset.
The 98% pure, 4.0 µm particle size CaCO₃ produced by Carbon to Crystals qualifies as premium precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). Within a cement facility, this can be ground and used directly as a high-performance concrete filler, reducing the need for virgin limestone and lowering the carbon intensity of the final product. Alternatively, the PCC can be sold to the broader industrial market — paper, paint, plastics, pharma, and cosmetics — at $400–$850/ton, regardless of whether the cement facility itself consumes the output.
The OBBBA 2025 enhanced 45Q rates require physical construction to begin before January 1, 2033. For cement manufacturers, the regulatory pressure is mounting: EU CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism), US state-level carbon taxes, and ESG reporting requirements are already increasing per-ton emissions costs.
Modular Carbon to Crystals deploys in 5–12 months, bypassing the 18–36 month permitting and engineering timeline that makes traditional CCS infeasible for the 2033 deadline. A cement facility that identifies the opportunity in 2029 can still deploy, begin construction, and start claiming $85/ton credits before mid-2030.
Cement kilns produce 10–15% CO₂ flue gas — one of the highest-concentration industrial streams available. Carbon to Crystals captures this CO₂ via aqueous chemistry and mineralizes it into 98% pure CaCO₃. The resulting mineral can be fed back directly into concrete production as a high-performance filler, creating a closed-loop system.
Cement kiln dust (CKD) is a waste byproduct captured by electrostatic precipitators at cement plants, containing approximately 40% CaO. Lafarge has confirmed CKD is available at no charge as a waste stream they want removed. Carbon to Crystals uses CKD as the calcium feedstock for mineralization, eliminating raw material cost while converting waste into premium CaCO₃ product.
Yes. The 98% pure, 4.0 µm particle size CaCO₃ qualifies as premium PCC. It can be used directly in concrete as a high-performance filler, or sold to the paper, paint, and plastics markets at $400–$850/ton, regardless of whether the cement facility itself consumes the output.
Tonnage Edition: Calculate the value of your mineral waste stream.
+ $180 profit per ton of residue
*Estimates based on 10% replacement rate. Actual results may vary.
Skip the multi-year CCS vendor cycles. Get an engineering-grade assessment of your kiln's carbon-to-profit pathway today.
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